Kodi valavu yamagetsi iyenera kukwaniritsa mulingo wotani? Gulani valavu yamagetsi chipangizo ayenera kulabadira vuto

Kodi valavu yamagetsi iyenera kukwaniritsa mulingo wotani? Gulani valavu yamagetsi chipangizo ayenera kulabadira vuto

Kuthamanga kwa valve yamagetsi yamagetsi kumatha kusinthidwa, kapangidwe kake, kukonza kosavuta, koyenera kuwongolera mpweya, madzi, nthunzi, mitundu yonse yazinthu zowononga, mchenga, mafuta, zitsulo zamadzimadzi ndi zinthu zotulutsa ma radio ndi mitundu ina yamadzimadzi. Chipangizo cha valve yamagetsi ndi makina ofunikira kwambiri kulimbikitsa kuwongolera pulogalamu ya valve pachipata, kuwongolera zokha komanso kuwongolera kutali. Kusuntha kwake kumatha kusinthidwa ndi makonzedwe a sitiroko, torque kapena kukula kwa ma radial thrust. Chifukwa mawonekedwe amagetsi amagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito ma valve ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zimadalira liwiro lamagetsi lamagetsi lamagetsi amatha kusinthidwa, mawonekedwe ophatikizika, kukonza kosavuta, oyenera kuwongolera mpweya, madzi, nthunzi, mitundu yonse yazinthu zowononga, mchenga, mafuta, zitsulo zamadzimadzi ndi ma radioactive zinthu ndi mitundu ina ya madzimadzi oyenda.
Chipangizo cha valve yamagetsi ndi makina ofunikira kwambiri kulimbikitsa kuwongolera pulogalamu ya valve pachipata, kuwongolera zokha komanso kuwongolera kutali. Kusuntha kwake kumatha kusinthidwa ndi makonzedwe a sitiroko, torque kapena kukula kwa ma radial thrust. Chifukwa mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito a chipangizo chamagetsi chamagetsi ali mumtundu wa valavu, njira yogwirira ntchito ya chipangizocho ndi malo a valve pachipata mu payipi kapena zida, kusankha koyenera kwa chipangizo chamagetsi ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa. kuchulukirachulukira (nthawi yosinthira yogwira ntchito ndiyokwera kuposa torque yogwira ntchito).
Chifukwa chipangizo chamagetsi mu valavu yamagetsi ndi zida zamakina, momwe ntchito yake imagwirira ntchito chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malowa ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, malo amaofesi omwe valavu yamagetsi ili ndi mfundo izi:
1, yokhala ndi nthunzi yoyaka, yoyaka moto kapena chilengedwe cha utsi;
2. Malo okhala pazombo zankhondo ndi madoko atsopano a sitima (yokhala ndi kukana dzimbiri, aspergillus flavus, yonyowa ndi kuzizira);
3. Malo okhala ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu;
4. Malo oyenera ngozi zamoto;
5, kuzizira konyowa zone, youma kotentha nyengo zachilengedwe chilengedwe;
6, payipi zinthu kutentha kwambiri monga 480 ℃;
7. Kuyika m'nyumba kapena kugwiritsa ntchito panja ndi njira zodzitetezera;
8, msonkhano wapanja, mphepo yozizira, mchenga, mame am'mawa, dzimbiri la dzuwa;
9, kutentha ntchito ndi zosakwana -20 ℃;
10. Chosavuta kumizidwa m'madzi kapena kuviika m'madzi;
11. Kukhala ndi malo achilengedwe a zinthu za radioactive (zomera zamphamvu za nyukiliya ndi zida zoyeserera zoyeserera);
Kwa valavu yamagetsi pansi pa malo omwe ali pamwambawa, mawonekedwe ake a chipangizo chamagetsi, zipangizo ndi njira zodzitetezera ndizosiyana. Choncho, chipangizo chamagetsi cha valve chiyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi malo omwe ali pamwambawa.
Chida chamagetsi cha vavu ndikulimbikitsa kuwongolera pulogalamu ya valve pachipata, kuwongolera zodziwikiratu ndi zida zamakina zofunika kwambiri, kuyenda kwake kumatha kusinthidwa ndi makonzedwe aulendo, torque kapena kukula kwa ma radial thrust. Chifukwa mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito a chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu ali mu mtundu wa valavu, kachitidwe kogwirira ntchito kachipangizo ndi malo a valve pachipata mu payipi kapena zida, kusankha kolondola kwa chipangizo chamagetsi cha valve ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa. Kuchulukirachulukira (makokedwe ogwira ntchito ndi apamwamba kuposa torque yogwira ntchito).
Mwambiri, maziko ofunikira pakusankha kolondola kwa zida zamagetsi za valve ndi motere:
Makokedwe ogwiritsira ntchito: torque yogwiritsira ntchito ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri pa chipangizo chamagetsi cha valve. Makokedwe opangidwa kuchokera ku chipangizo chamagetsi ayenera kukhala 1.2 ~ 1.5 nthawi za torque yeniyeni yogwirira ntchito ya valve yachipata.
Kukankhira kwenikweni kwa ntchito: mawonekedwe akulu a chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu ali ndi mitundu iwiri: imodzi ilibe ndi thrust disc, yomwe imatumizidwa nthawi yomweyo; Zina zimakhala ndi thrust disc ndipo torque yotengedwa imasinthidwa kukhala yotuluka molingana ndi nati ya tsinde mu thrust disc.
Chiwerengero cha kutembenuka kwa shaft yolowera: kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kwa shaft yolowera pa chipangizo chamagetsi cha valavu kumakhudzana ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina la valavu, mtunda wa mpando ndi kuchuluka kwa zomangira. Iyenera kuwerengedwa molingana ndi M = H / ZS (M ndi chiwerengero chonse cha kutembenuka kozungulira komwe chipangizo chamagetsi chiyenera kukumana nacho, H ndi kutalika kwake kwa kutsegulira kwa valve pachipata, S ndi phula la phula la mpando wa valve, ndi Z ndi chiwerengero cha zomangira za mpando wa valve). Kutsegula kwapampando: Ma valve a zipata zotseguka zozungulira zozungulira sizingayikidwe ngati ma valve amagetsi ngati chipangizo chamagetsi chimalola kuti malo omwe adafunsidwa kuti asagwirizane ndi tsinde la valve yoperekedwa. Chifukwa chake, m'mimba mwake mwadzina la shaft yolowera pachida chamagetsi iyenera kupitilira tsinde la valavu yotseguka. Kwa mavavu a zipata zozungulira ndi ma valve otsegulira ndodo muzitsulo zamitundu yambiri, ngakhale kuti palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa za vuto la kukula kwa mpando, kabowo ka mpando wa valve ndi kukula kwa groove kuyeneranso kuganiziridwa posankha msonkhano, kuti athe kugwira ntchito bwino pambuyo pa msonkhano.
Chiŵerengero cha liwiro lochokera: Ngati kutsegulira ndi kutseka kwa valve kuli mofulumira kwambiri, n'zosavuta kupanga chodabwitsa cha madzi. Choncho, ayenera zochokera osiyanasiyana ntchito, kusankha yoyenera kutsegula ndi kutseka liwiro. Zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zili ndi zofunikira zapadera zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa torque kapena mphamvu yamagetsi. Chida chamagetsi cha ma valve ambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito ma torque ochepa. Chidziwitso cha chipangizo chamagetsi chikamveka bwino, torque yake yogwirizira imatha kutsimikiziridwa. Nthawi zambiri pakugwira ntchito kwanthawi yodziwikiratu, mota sizovuta kuyimitsa. Koma ngati zotsatirazi zingachititse mochulukirachulukira: choyamba, magetsi panopa ndi otsika, sangakhoze kupeza makokedwe chofunika, kuti galimoto kusiya kasinthasintha; Chachiwiri, makokedwewo amasinthidwa molakwika kuti achepetse gulu, kotero kuti amapitilira torque yomwe idayimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chifukwa chopitilira ma torque ambiri, kotero kuti mota imasiya kuzungulira; Atatu ndi pakagwiritsidwe ntchito, gawo la kutentha, kuposa kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwamoto; Chachinayi, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kulephera kwa magetsi oyendera magetsi a bungwe la malire a makokedwe, kotero kuti makokedwewo ndi aakulu kwambiri; Chachisanu, kutentha kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndikokwera kwambiri, ndipo kulumikizana kumachepetsa matenthedwe amoto.
M'mbuyomu, njira yodzitetezera yamoto ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito chopukutira dera, valavu yamakono ya solenoid, relay kutentha, chowongolera kutentha, koma njirazi zili ndi zabwino zake. Palibe njira yodalirika yosamalira makina osinthira zinthu monga zida zamagetsi. Choncho, makonzedwe osiyanasiyana ayenera kutengedwa, makamaka pali ziwiri zazikulu: imodzi ndiyo kuweruza kusintha kwa magetsi olowera; Chachiwiri ndikuweruza momwe motowo umayaka. Njira zonsezi, mosasamala kanthu za kalasi zidzaganizira za kutentha kwa injini kwa nthawi yopatsidwa mphamvu.
Nthawi zambiri, ndi njira iti yokonzekera yolemetsa: chitetezo chochulukira kuti chigwire ntchito mosalekeza kapena kuyambitsa kuyendetsa galimoto, kusankha chowongolera kutentha; Pofuna kukonza matembenuzidwe amoto, sankhani relay kutentha; Pangozi yaifupi yachitetezo chachitetezo chozungulira, sankhani chophwanyira dera kapena valavu yamakono ya solenoid.